THE INFLUENCE OF E LEARNING POSSIBILITIES ON THE ACADEMIC PERDFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

E-learning is the act of taking a course online using a modem, wireless, or cable connection to access academic course materials from a computer, phone or other devices.Bermejo, 2005 defined E-learning as education that uses computerized communication systems as an environmentfor communication, the exchange of information and interaction between student and instructors.E-learning centers on the intersection of education, teaching, and learning with ICT (Okoro: 2000).It clearlypreceded bytwo other disciplines: educational technology and distance education. These two disciplines have uniquelycontributed to the intensive use of ICT for educational purposes.

E-learning is also a natural evolution of distance learning, which hastaken advantage of the latest tools to emerge in the context of technologies for structuringeducation.

Secondary schools education in Nigeria today is the responsibility of entrepreneurs, agencies or groups such as religious bodies, communities, universities and corporate bodies. Decree No. 9 of 1993 prescribes minimum conditions to allow the establishment of universities under certain guidelines determined by the government. The supervision of these schools is secured by the federal and state ministries of education.

In the Nigerian Secondary schools system, which includes private and public secondary  schools, course unit system is presently being practiced. In recognition of the need to encourage private participation in the provision of secondary schools education, the Federal Government established a law 1992, allowing private sectors to establish universities following guidelines prescribed by the Government. Under the course unit system, students are required to take specific number of units of courses per week or per semester. There is flexibility of choosing a preferred elective course under this course unity system and compulsory courses in their various disciplines. The course unit system is particularly interesting in the sense that students have the flexibility of choosing a course of their choice for a particular semester. The courses are designed in a stepwise manner so as to allow graduation from lower level to higher level. The science related courses are designed to allow for laboratory works. Consequently all departments are assumed to consist of academic professionals in deferent areas of interest. Each secondary schools in Nigeria is autonomous in areas of teaching and research. Research articles, field notes, lecture material, monographs, tutorial and other training materials are deposited in their repositories.

This study is informed by the deplorable state of educational system in Nigeria due to the inadequate teaching learning facilities and infrastructures. Most libraries in Nigerian higher schools and secondary schools have audio-visual learning materials that are rarelyutilized as a result of incessant power outages and sometimes lack of awareness on the part of the students. Hence, traditionally the main learning approach focuses on teachers rather than the students. A teacher determines what to teach, how to teach and thus, less concern about the students that is are at the receiving end. There are various learning approaches being put in place to compensate for the problems occasioned by this traditional learning paradigm. For example online instruction has the potential to provide opportunities for reflective and integrating learning outcomes. This approach provides the students adaptive personalized e-learning because it is a general term used to refer to computer-enhanced learning. It may involves the use of mobile technologies such as personal digital assistants and MP3/MP4 player and includes the use of web-based teaching materials and hypermedia in general, as rooms or web-sites, discussion boards, collaborative software, e-mail, blogs, wikis, text chart, computer aided assistant, educational animation, simulation, games, learning management software et cetera.

Therefore, the survival of secondary school students in schools in the 21st century will increasingly rely on various forms of electronic delivery system and communication facilities that are available in markets as requirements for educational flexibility.

Statement of the problem

This study is informed by the deplorable state of educational system in Nigeria due to the inadequate teaching learning facilities and infrastructures. Most libraries in Nigerian higher schools have audio-visual learning materials that are rarely utilized as a result of incessant power outages and sometimes lack of awareness on the part of the students.

Objectives of the study

The main objective of this study is to examine the influence of e-learning facilities on academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria Secondary schools.

• To facilitate the achievement of (formal or informal) e-learninggoals.
• To help students acquire more knowledge and skills.
• To in improvestudents confidencethis will in turn help them to develop more successful learning strategies.

Research questions

1. How can E-learningimprove student’s confidence?
2. Can secondary school students acquire more knowledge and skills through e-learning?
3. How can e-learning facilities influence academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria Secondary schools.

Research hypotheses

• : E-learning does not influence academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria
• : E-learning influences academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria

Significance of the study

This study will be highly important to the government at all level, the parents, educational planners, decision and policy makers as well as other stakeholders in education. It will help in producing a healthy, literate self-reliant citizen that would create wealth for human development.

Through this study, the students as well as the teachers/lectures will be able to know the influence of e-learning facilities on academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria Secondary schools.

1.7     Scope/Limitations of the study

This study centers oninfluence of e-learning facilities on academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria Secondary schools.

Limitations of study

1. Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
2. Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.

Definition of terms

E-learning:learning conducted via electronic media, typically on the Internet.

Education:the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or secondary schools.

Academic:of or relating to education and scholarship.